Yes, I think you are right about the photo. I have had a few animals get bumblefoot but we haven't had it here for quite some time. If the skin isn't broken now, and if he seems to be getting better, I'd say you did the right thing.
Are his nails light or dark colored? If they are light and you can see the 'quick' inside the nail, you can easily cut them yourself with a pair of scissors/clippers used to clip cat's claws. They are shaped like scissors and do not have a guillotine type action like the dog nail clippers have. Some people use human fingernail clippers, but I find them too hard for me to control. As far as changing your clipper lady, I would just do it myself but even if you are very careful there is a chance that the nail will bleed. I keep styptic powder on hand just in case. Sometimes when you are about to clip the piggie moves and it clips too far up. A little styptic powder sets it right. If the pad of the food is a bit swollen then I'm not sure the injury was due to the nail clipping, so I'm not sure what to say about it.
I know how sweet these little guys are so I understand how much you two love him. I had one old boy who was my first guinea pig, named Meatloaf. He got me through a very tough time in my life so I have guinea pigs have a special place in my heart. Good luck with him and if you have any more problems or if he gets worse again, just let me know. I try to look at the questions every day. Blessings!